DBMS > HBase vs. Ingres vs. Lovefield vs. RDFox

System Properties Comparison HBase vs. Ingres vs. Lovefield vs. RDFox

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Wide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTable

Well established RDBMS

Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript

High performance knowledge graph and semantic reasoning engine

Primary database model

Wide column store

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	30.50
Rank	#26	Overall
	#2	Wide column stores

Score	4.11
Rank	#81	Overall
	#44	Relational DBMS

Score	0.29
Rank	#293	Overall
	#133	Relational DBMS

Score	0.23
Rank	#308	Overall
	#25	Graph DBMS
	#14	RDF stores

Website

hbase.apache.org

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

google.github.io/lovefield

www.oxfordsemantic.tech

Technical documentation

hbase.apache.org/book.html

docs.actian.com/ingres

github.com/google/lovefield/blob/master/docs/spec_index.md

docs.oxfordsemantic.tech

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Powerset

Actian Corporation

Google

Oxford Semantic Technologies

Initial release

2008

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

2014

2017

Current release

2.3.4, January 2021

11.2, May 2022

2.1.12, February 2017

6.0, Septermber 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache version 2

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

JavaScript

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
Unix
Windows

using Cygwin

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

tested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari

Linux
macOS
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free, schema definition possible

yes

RDF schemas

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

options to bring your own types, AVRO

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like query language

via JavaScript builder pattern

APIs and other access methods

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

JavaScript

C
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Coprocessors in Java

yes

Triggers

yes

Using read-only observers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Ingres Replicator

none

replication via a shared file system

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode, Eventual Consistency in replicated setups

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Single row ACID (across millions of columns)

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using MemoryDB

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Roles, resources, and access types

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

Cloudera's HBase PaaS offering now supports Complex Transactions
11 August 2021, Krishna Maheshwari (sponsor)

Why is Hadoop not listed in the DB-Engines Ranking?
13 May 2013, Paul Andlinger

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