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DBMS > HBase vs. Ingres vs. Lovefield vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison HBase vs. Ingres vs. Lovefield vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameHBase  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTableWell established RDBMSEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptFully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelWide column storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score30.50
Rank#26  Overall
#2  Wide column stores
Score4.11
Rank#81  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score0.29
Rank#293  Overall
#133  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Websitehbase.apache.orgwww.actian.com/­databases/­ingresgoogle.github.io/­lovefieldazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationhbase.apache.org/­book.htmldocs.actian.com/­ingresgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mddocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by PowersetActian CorporationGoogleMicrosoft
Initial release20081974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s20142019
Current release2.3.4, January 202111.2, May 20222.1.12, February 2017cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaCJavaScript
Server operating systemsLinux
Unix
Windows infousing Cygwin
AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safarihosted
Data schemeschema-free, schema definition possibleyesyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateoptions to bring your own types, AVROyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availablenoyes
Secondary indexesnoyesyesall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
JavaScript.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoCoprocessors in JavayesnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
TriggersyesyesUsing read-only observersyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslynoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Ingres Replicatornoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataSingle row ACID (across millions of columns)ACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoMVCCyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes infousing MemoryDBno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABACfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoAzure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
HBaseIngresLovefieldMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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