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DBMS > HBase vs. IBM Db2 vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. NSDb vs. SpaceTime

System Properties Comparison HBase vs. IBM Db2 vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. NSDb vs. SpaceTime

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameHBase  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonNSDb  Xexclude from comparisonSpaceTime  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTableCommon in IBM host environments, 2 different versions for host and Windows/LinuxFully managed big data interactive analytics platformScalable, High-performance Time Series DBMS designed for Real-time Analytics on top of KubernetesSpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.
Primary database modelWide column storeRelational DBMS infoSince Version 10.5 support for JSON/BSON documents compatible with MongoDBRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedTime Series DBMSSpatial DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
RDF store infoin Db2 LUW (Linux, Unix, Windows)
Spatial DBMS infowith Db2 Spatial Extender
Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score27.97
Rank#26  Overall
#2  Wide column stores
Score125.90
Rank#9  Overall
#6  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score0.08
Rank#369  Overall
#40  Time Series DBMS
Score0.03
Rank#392  Overall
#8  Spatial DBMS
Websitehbase.apache.orgwww.ibm.com/­products/­db2azure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorernsdb.iowww.mireo.com/­spacetime
Technical documentationhbase.apache.org/­book.htmlwww.ibm.com/­docs/­en/­db2docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorernsdb.io/­Architecture
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by PowersetIBMMicrosoftMireo
Initial release20081983 infohost version201920172020
Current release2.3.4, January 202112.1, October 2016cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercial infofree version is availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC and C++Java, ScalaC++
Server operating systemsLinux
Unix
Windows infousing Cygwin
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
hostedLinux
macOS
Linux
Data schemeschema-free, schema definition possibleyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateoptions to bring your own types, AVROyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes: int, bigint, decimal, stringyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnono
Secondary indexesnoyesall fields are automatically indexedall fields are automatically indexedno
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like query languageA subset of ANSI SQL is implemented
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
JSON style queries infoMongoDB compatible
ODBC
XQuery
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
gRPC
HTTP REST
WebSocket
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
C
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Java
Scala
C#
C++
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoCoprocessors in JavayesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rnono
Triggersyesyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoonly with Windows/Unix/Linux VersionSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingFixed-grid hypercubes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes infowith separate tools (MQ, InfoSphere)yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Real-time block device replication (DRBD)
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataSingle row ACID (across millions of columns)ACIDnonono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesUsing Apache Luceneyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABACfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory Authenticationyes

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More resources
HBaseIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2Microsoft Azure Data ExplorerNSDbSpaceTime
DB-Engines blog posts

Cloudera's HBase PaaS offering now supports Complex Transactions
11 August 2021,  Krishna Maheshwari (sponsor) 

Why is Hadoop not listed in the DB-Engines Ranking?
13 May 2013, Paul Andlinger

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