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DBMS > H2 vs. RethinkDB vs. SAP HANA vs. SQLite vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. RethinkDB vs. SAP HANA vs. SQLite vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameH2  Xexclude from comparisonRethinkDB  Xexclude from comparisonSAP HANA  Xexclude from comparisonSQLite  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.DBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.In-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud serviceWidely used embeddable, in-process RDBMSVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score8.33
Rank#46  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score2.66
Rank#107  Overall
#20  Document stores
Score44.27
Rank#23  Overall
#16  Relational DBMS
Score111.41
Rank#10  Overall
#7  Relational DBMS
Score4.27
Rank#73  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#39  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitewww.h2database.comrethinkdb.comwww.sap.com/­products/­hana.htmlwww.sqlite.orgvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlrethinkdb.com/­docshelp.sap.com/­hanawww.sqlite.org/­docs.htmldocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperThomas MuellerThe Linux Foundation infosince July 2017SAPDwayne Richard HippOpenLink Software
Initial release20052009201020001998
Current release2.2.220, July 20232.4.1, August 20202.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 20233.46.0  (23 May 2024), May 20247.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen Source infoPublic DomainOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonono infoalso available as a cloud based servicenono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++CC
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows
Appliance or cloud-serviceserver-lessAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyes infodynamic column typesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infostring, binary, float, bool, date, geometryyesyes infonot rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.yes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoyesyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supportedyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET infoinofficial driver
JDBC infoinofficial driver
ODBC infoinofficial driver
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesJavaC infocommunity-supported driver
C# infocommunity-supported driver
C++ infocommunity-supported driver
Clojure infocommunity-supported driver
Dart infocommunity-supported driver
Erlang infocommunity-supported driver
Go infocommunity-supported driver
Haskell infocommunity-supported driver
Java infoofficial driver
JavaScript (Node.js) infoofficial driver
Lisp infocommunity-supported driver
Lua infocommunity-supported driver
Objective-C infocommunity-supported driver
Perl infocommunity-supported driver
PHP infocommunity-supported driver
Python infoofficial driver
Ruby infoofficial driver
Scala infocommunity-supported driver
Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsSQLScript, Rnoyes infoVirtuoso PL
TriggersyesClient-side triggers through changefeedsyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding inforange basedyesnoneyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseSource-replica replicationyesnoneChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnonoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDAtomic single-document operationsACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes infoMVCC basedyesyes infovia file-system locksyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes infousers and table-level permissionsyesnoFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
H2RethinkDBSAP HANASQLiteVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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Navicat for SQLite is a powerful and comprehensive SQLite GUI that provides a complete set of functions for database management and development.
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H2RethinkDBSAP HANASQLiteVirtuoso
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