DBMS > H2 vs. Oracle Rdb vs. RisingWave vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. Oracle Rdb vs. RisingWave vs. Stardog

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

A distributed RDBMS for stream processing, wire-compatible with PostgreSQL

Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

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Score	8.13
Rank	#49	Overall
	#31	Relational DBMS

Score	1.08
Rank	#184	Overall
	#85	Relational DBMS

Score	0.58
Rank	#242	Overall
	#111	Relational DBMS

Score	2.02
Rank	#123	Overall
	#11	Graph DBMS
	#6	RDF stores

Website

www.h2database.com

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/rdb.html

www.risingwave.com/database

www.stardog.com

Technical documentation

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/rdb-doc.html

docs.risingwave.com/docs/current/intro

docs.stardog.com

Developer

Thomas Mueller

Oracle, originally developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC)

RisingWave Labs

Stardog-Union

Initial release

2005

1984

2022

2010

Current release

2.2.220, July 2023

7.4.1.1, 2021

1.2, September 2023

7.3.0, May 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Rust

Java

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

HP Open VMS

Docker
Linux
macOS

Linux
macOS
Windows

Data scheme

yes

Flexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)

yes

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

Standard SQL-types and JSON

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Import/export of XML data possible

Secondary indexes

yes

supports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol

GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3

Supported programming languages

Java

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

UDFs in Python or Java

user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java

Triggers

yes

via event handlers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes, on a single node

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Users and Roles

Access rights for users and roles

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