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DBMS > H2 vs. Neo4j vs. NuoDB vs. SQL.JS

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. Neo4j vs. NuoDB vs. SQL.JS

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameH2  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparisonSQL.JS  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Scalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsNuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactionsPort of SQLite to JavaScript
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score44.46
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score0.89
Rank#198  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Score0.53
Rank#252  Overall
#116  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.h2database.comneo4j.comwww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-databasesql.js.org
Technical documentationwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlneo4j.com/­docsdoc.nuodb.comsql.js.org/­documentation/­index.html
DeveloperThomas MuellerNeo4j, Inc.Dassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.Alon Zakai infoenhancements implemented by others
Initial release2005200720132012
Current release2.2.220, July 20235.19, April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availablecommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJavaJava, ScalaC++JavaScript
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)
Data schemeyesschema-free and schema-optionalyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoyesyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supported
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JavaScript API
Supported programming languagesJava.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
JavaScript
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsyes infoUser defined Procedures and FunctionsJava, SQLno
Triggersyesyes infovia event handleryesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyes using Neo4j Fabricdata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/writtennone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyyes infoManaged transparently by NuoDBnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoRelationships in graphsyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infotunable commit protocolACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes infoMVCC
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesno infoexcept by serializing a db to a file
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes infoTemporary tableyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)Standard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Usersno
More information provided by the system vendor
H2Neo4jNuoDBSQL.JS
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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