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DBMS > H2 vs. Neo4j vs. NuoDB vs. OpenMLDB

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. Neo4j vs. NuoDB vs. OpenMLDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameH2  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparisonOpenMLDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Scalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsNuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactionsAn open-source machine learning database that provides a feature platform for training and inference
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score44.46
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score0.89
Rank#198  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Score0.02
Rank#367  Overall
#37  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.h2database.comneo4j.comwww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-databaseopenmldb.ai
Technical documentationwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlneo4j.com/­docsdoc.nuodb.comopenmldb.ai/­docs/­zh/­main
DeveloperThomas MuellerNeo4j, Inc.Dassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.4 Paradigm Inc.
Initial release2005200720132020
Current release2.2.220, July 20235.19, April 20242024-2 February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availablecommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJavaJava, ScalaC++C++, Java, Scala
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-free and schema-optionalyesFixed schema
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoyesyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
SQLAlchemy
Supported programming languagesJava.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsyes infoUser defined Procedures and FunctionsJava, SQLno
Triggersyesyes infovia event handleryesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyes using Neo4j Fabricdata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/writtenhorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyyes infoManaged transparently by NuoDBSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoRelationships in graphsyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infotunable commit protocolno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes infoMVCCyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes infoTemporary tableyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)Standard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Usersfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
H2Neo4jNuoDBOpenMLDB
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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