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DBMS > H2 vs. MarkLogic vs. RDF4J vs. Solr

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. MarkLogic vs. RDF4J vs. Solr

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameH2  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonSolr  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Operational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL databaseRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.A widely used distributed, scalable search engine based on Apache Lucene
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
RDF storeSearch engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score5.92
Rank#58  Overall
#10  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#6  Search engines
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Score42.91
Rank#24  Overall
#3  Search engines
Websitewww.h2database.comwww.marklogic.comrdf4j.orgsolr.apache.org
Technical documentationwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.marklogic.comrdf4j.org/­documentationsolr.apache.org/­resources.html
DeveloperThomas MuellerMarkLogic Corp.Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.Apache Software Foundation
Initial release2005200120042006
Current release2.2.220, July 202311.0, December 20229.6.0, April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)commercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.Open Source infoApache Version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++JavaJava
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
All OS with a Java VM inforuns as a servlet in servlet container (e.g. Tomcat, Jetty is included)
Data schemeyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforcedyes infoRDF Schemasyes infoDynamic Fields enables on-the-fly addition of new fields
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infosupports customizable data types and automatic typing
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infoSQL92noSolr Parallel SQL Interface
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesJavaC
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
Erlang
Java
JavaScript
any language that supports sockets and either XML or JSON
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsyes infovia XQuery or JavaScriptyesJava plugins
Triggersyesyesyesyes infoUser configurable commands triggered on index changes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyesnoneyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobsnospark-solr: github.com/­lucidworks/­spark-solr and streaming expressions to reduce
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transactionACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedoptimistic locking
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes, with Range Indexesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access control at the document and subdocument levelsnoyes

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More resources
H2MarkLogicRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameSolr
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