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DBMS > etcd vs. H2 vs. LevelDB vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison etcd vs. H2 vs. LevelDB vs. Spark SQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Nameetcd  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed reliable key-value storeFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score7.25
Rank#54  Overall
#5  Key-value stores
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websiteetcd.io
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd
www.h2database.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldbspark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationetcd.io/­docs
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd/­tree/­master/­Documentation
www.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperThomas MuellerGoogleApache Software Foundation
Initial release200520112014
Current release3.4, August 20192.2.220, July 20231.23, February 20213.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoJavaC++Scala
Server operating systemsFreeBSD
Linux
Windows infoexperimental
All OS with a Java VMIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesnoyesnono
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesnoSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsgRPC
JSON over HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl
JavaC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsnono
Triggersyes, watching key changesyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databasenonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnono

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More resources
etcdH2LevelDBSpark SQL
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