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DBMS > H2 vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. NuoDB vs. TerarkDB

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. NuoDB vs. TerarkDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameH2  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparisonTerarkDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesFully managed big data interactive analytics platformNuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactionsA key-value store forked from RocksDB with advanced compression algorithms. It can be used standalone or as a storage engine for MySQL and MongoDB
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSKey-value store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score0.89
Rank#198  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#60  Key-value stores
Websitewww.h2database.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-databasegithub.com/­bytedance/­terarkdb
Technical documentationwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mddocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdoc.nuodb.combytedance.larkoffice.com/­docs/­doccnZmYFqHBm06BbvYgjsHHcKc
DeveloperThomas MuellerGoogleMicrosoftDassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.ByteDance, originally Terark
Initial release20052011201920132016
Current release2.2.220, July 20231.23, February 2021cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoBSDcommercialcommercial infolimited edition freecommercial inforestricted open source version available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++C++C++
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedhosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesnono
Secondary indexesyesnoall fields are automatically indexedyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyesno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
C++ API
Java API
Supported programming languagesJavaC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RJava, SQLno
Triggersyesnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicedata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/writtennone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databasenoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes infoManaged transparently by NuoDBnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonoACID infotunable commit protocolno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes infoMVCCyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes infoTemporary tableyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoAzure Active Directory AuthenticationStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Usersno

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More resources
H2LevelDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerNuoDBTerarkDB
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