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DBMS > H2 vs. LevelDB vs. Memgraph vs. Trino vs. Vertica

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. LevelDB vs. Memgraph vs. Trino vs. Vertica

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameH2  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMemgraph  Xexclude from comparisonTrino  Xexclude from comparisonVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesAn open source graph database built for real-time streaming and compatible with Neo4jFast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQLCloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeGraph DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infoColumn oriented
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score3.02
Rank#98  Overall
#8  Graph DBMS
Score5.00
Rank#66  Overall
#36  Relational DBMS
Score10.68
Rank#43  Overall
#27  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.h2database.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldbmemgraph.comtrino.iowww.vertica.com
Technical documentationwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdmemgraph.com/­docstrino.io/­broadcast
trino.io/­docs/­current
vertica.com/­documentation
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterFacebookGitHubDiscordLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHub
DeveloperThomas MuellerGoogleMemgraph LtdTrino Software FoundationOpenText infopreviously Micro Focus and Hewlett Packard
Initial release2005201120172012 info2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL2005
Current release2.2.220, July 20231.23, February 202112.0.3, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoBSL 1.1; commercial license for enterprise edition availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercial infoLimited community edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono infoon-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containers
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Starburst Galaxy offers a feature-rich user interface to connect all your data sources, manage your Trino clusters, and query your data.
Implementation languageJavaC++C and C++JavaC++
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
LinuxLinux
macOS infofor devlopment
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-free and schema-optionalyesYes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyesnodepending on connected data-sourceNo Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnonoyesFull 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI
ADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL infocharacter-based, interactive, front-end utility
Supported programming languagesJavaC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
C
C++
Elixir
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsnoyes, depending on connected data-sourceyes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differences
Triggersyesnonoyes, called Custom Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneSharding infodynamic graph partitioningdepending on connected data-sourcehorizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databasenoneMulti-source replication using RAFTdepending on connected data-sourceMulti-source replication infoOne, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono infoBi-directional Spark integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistencydepending on connected data-sourceImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes inforelationships in graphsnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACID infowith snapshot isolationdepending on connected data-sourceACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyes infowith periodic snapshot and write-ahead logging (WAL) of changesdepending on connected data-sourceyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoUsers, roles and permissionsSQL standard access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash
More information provided by the system vendor
H2LevelDBMemgraphTrinoVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
Specific characteristicsMemgraph directly connects to your streaming infrastructure so you and your team...
» more
Trino is the fastest open source, massively parallel processing SQL query engine...
» more
Deploy-anywhere database for large-scale analytical deployments. Deploy off-cloud,...
» more
Competitive advantagesBusiness Source License ensures a future for the Memgraph community MAGE algorithm...
» more
High performance analtyics and data processing of very large data sets Powerful ANSI...
» more
Fast, scalable, and capable of high concurrency. Separation of compute/storage leverages...
» more
Typical application scenariosGraph algorithms in bioinformatics Social network analysis Cryptocurrency network...
» more
Performant analytics query engine for data warehouses, data lakes, and data lakehouses...
» more
Communication and network analytics, Embedded analytics, Fraud monitoring and Risk...
» more
Key customersTrino is widely adopted across the globe as freely-available open source software....
» more
Abiba Systems, Adform, adMarketplace, AmeriPride, Anritsu, AOL, Avito, Auckland Transport,...
» more
Market metrics33000+ commits in GitHub 8200+ stargazers in GitHub 1200+ pull requests merged in...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsYou can check out our pricing model and licenses on the company website .
» more
Trino is an open source project and usage is therefore free. Commercial offerings...
» more
Cost-based models and subscription-based models are both available. One license is...
» more
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H2LevelDBMemgraphTrinoVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
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