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DBMS > H2 vs. LeanXcale vs. Milvus vs. Tarantool vs. Trino

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. LeanXcale vs. Milvus vs. Tarantool vs. Trino

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameH2  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparisonTarantool  Xexclude from comparisonTrino  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.A highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilitiesA DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searchesIn-memory computing platform with a flexible data schema for efficiently building high-performance applicationsFast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Vector DBMSDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSSpatial DBMS infowith Tarantool/GIS extensionDocument store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score0.29
Rank#291  Overall
#41  Key-value stores
#132  Relational DBMS
Score2.31
Rank#113  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Score1.72
Rank#144  Overall
#25  Document stores
#25  Key-value stores
#66  Relational DBMS
Score5.00
Rank#66  Overall
#36  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.h2database.comwww.leanxcale.commilvus.iowww.tarantool.iotrino.io
Technical documentationwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlmilvus.io/­docs/­overview.mdwww.tarantool.io/­en/­doctrino.io/­broadcast
trino.io/­docs/­current
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHub
DeveloperThomas MuellerLeanXcaleVKTrino Software Foundation
Initial release20052015201920082012 info2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL
Current release2.2.220, July 20232.3.4, January 20242.10.0, May 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)commercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoBSD-2, source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Tarantool EnterpriseOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for MilvusStarburst Galaxy offers a feature-rich user interface to connect all your data sources, manage your Trino clusters, and query your data.
Implementation languageJavaC++, GoC and C++Java
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMLinux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
BSD
Linux
macOS
Linux
macOS infofor devlopment
Data schemeyesyesFlexible data schema: relational definition for tables with ability to store json-like documents in columnsyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesVector, Numeric and Stringstring, double, decimal, uuid, integer, blob, boolean, datetimeyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesdepending on connected data-source
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infothrough Apache DerbynoFull-featured ANSI SQL supportyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
RESTful HTTP APIOpen binary protocolJDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI
Supported programming languagesJavaC
Java
Scala
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Rust
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsnoLua, C and SQL stored proceduresyes, depending on connected data-source
Triggersyesnoyes, before/after data modification events, on replication events, client session eventsno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding, partitioned with virtual buckets by user defined affinity key. Live resharding for scale up and scale down without maintenance downtime.depending on connected data-source
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseAsynchronous replication with multi-master option
Configurable replication topology (full-mesh, chain, star)
Synchronous quorum replication (with Raft)
depending on connected data-source
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Casual consistency across sharding partitions
Eventual consistency within replicaset partition infowhen using asyncronous replication
Immediate Consistency within single instance
Sequential consistency including linearizable read within replicaset partition infowhen using Raft
depending on connected data-source
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACID, with serializable isolation and linearizable read (within partition); Configurable MVCC (within partition); No cross-shard distributed transactionsdepending on connected data-source
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes, cooperative multitaskingyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes, write ahead loggingdepending on connected data-source
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyesyes, full featured in-memory storage engine with persistence
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole based access control and fine grained access rightsAccess Control Lists
Mutual TLS authentication for Tarantol Enterprise
Password based authentication
Role-based access control (RBAC) and LDAP for Tarantol Enterprise
Users and Roles
SQL standard access control
More information provided by the system vendor
H2LeanXcaleMilvusTarantoolTrino
Specific characteristicsMilvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more
Trino is the fastest open source, massively parallel processing SQL query engine...
» more
Competitive advantagesHighly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
» more
High performance analtyics and data processing of very large data sets Powerful ANSI...
» more
Typical application scenariosRAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more
Performant analytics query engine for data warehouses, data lakes, and data lakehouses...
» more
Key customersMilvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more
Trino is widely adopted across the globe as freely-available open source software....
» more
Market metricsAs of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
» more
33000+ commits in GitHub 8200+ stargazers in GitHub 1200+ pull requests merged in...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMilvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more
Trino is an open source project and usage is therefore free. Commercial offerings...
» more
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