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DBMS > H2 vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. NuoDB

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. NuoDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameH2  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.A highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilitiesFully managed big data interactive analytics platformNuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactions
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score8.33
Rank#46  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score0.36
Rank#280  Overall
#40  Key-value stores
#129  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score0.94
Rank#197  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.h2database.comwww.leanxcale.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-database
Technical documentationwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdoc.nuodb.com
DeveloperThomas MuellerLeanXcaleMicrosoftDassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.
Initial release2005201520192013
Current release2.2.220, July 2023cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)commercialcommercialcommercial infolimited edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedhosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infothrough Apache DerbyKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesJavaC
Java
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RJava, SQL
Triggersyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicedata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/written
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes infoManaged transparently by NuoDB
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACID infotunable commit protocol
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes infoMVCC
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesnoyes infoTemporary table
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory AuthenticationStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Users

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More resources
H2LeanXcaleMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerNuoDB
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