DBMS > etcd vs. H2 vs. LeanXcale vs. MarkLogic

System Properties Comparison etcd vs. H2 vs. LeanXcale vs. MarkLogic

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A distributed reliable key-value store

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

A highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilities

Operational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL database

Primary database model

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Document store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store

as of version 7
Search engine

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	7.25
Rank	#54	Overall
	#5	Key-value stores

Score	8.13
Rank	#49	Overall
	#31	Relational DBMS

Score	0.29
Rank	#291	Overall
	#41	Key-value stores
	#132	Relational DBMS

Score	5.92
Rank	#58	Overall
	#10	Document stores
	#1	Native XML DBMS
	#1	RDF stores
	#6	Search engines

Website

etcd.io
github.com/etcd-io/etcd

www.h2database.com

www.leanxcale.com

www.marklogic.com

Technical documentation

etcd.io/docs
github.com/etcd-io/etcd/tree/master/Documentation

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

docs.marklogic.com

Developer

Thomas Mueller

LeanXcale

MarkLogic Corp.

Initial release

2005

2015

2001

Current release

3.4, August 2019

2.2.220, July 2023

11.0, December 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

commercial

restricted free version is available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

FreeBSD
Linux
Windows

experimental

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Schema can be enforced

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

through Apache Derby

yes

SQL92

APIs and other access methods

gRPC
JSON over HTTP

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector

Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API

Proprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl

Java

C
Java
Scala

C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

yes

via XQuery or JavaScript

Triggers

yes, watching key changes

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

via Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobs

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

can act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transaction

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

yes, with Range Indexes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role-based access control at the document and subdocument levels

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