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DBMS > H2 vs. LMDB vs. MarkLogic vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. LMDB vs. MarkLogic vs. Spark SQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameH2  Xexclude from comparisonLMDB  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.A high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database libraryOperational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL databaseSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeDocument store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score8.33
Rank#46  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score2.09
Rank#121  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
Score5.18
Rank#63  Overall
#11  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#7  Search engines
Score18.04
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.h2database.comwww.symas.com/­symas-embedded-database-lmdbwww.progress.com/­marklogicspark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlwww.lmdb.tech/­docwww.progress.com/­marklogic/­documentationspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperThomas MuellerSymasMarkLogic Corp.Apache Software Foundation
Initial release2005201120012014
Current release2.2.220, July 20230.9.32, January 202411.0, December 20223.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Sourcecommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaCC++Scala
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMLinux
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-free infoSchema can be enforcedyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesnoyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoyes infoSQL92SQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesJava.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Nim
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Swift
Tcl
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsnoyes infovia XQuery or JavaScriptno
Triggersyesnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneShardingyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databasenoneyesnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobs
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transactionno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyes, with Range Indexesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoRole-based access control at the document and subdocument levelsno

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More resources
H2LMDBMarkLogicSpark SQL
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