DBMS > H2 vs. Ingres vs. Machbase Neo vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. Ingres vs. Machbase Neo vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Well established RDBMS

TimeSeries DBMS for AIoT and BigData

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	8.13
Rank	#49	Overall
	#31	Relational DBMS

Score	4.11
Rank	#81	Overall
	#44	Relational DBMS

Score	0.12
Rank	#339	Overall
	#30	Time Series DBMS

Score	29.04
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Website

www.h2database.com

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

machbase.com

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

Technical documentation

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

docs.actian.com/ingres

machbase.com/dbms

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

Developer

Thomas Mueller

Actian Corporation

Machbase

Microsoft

Initial release

2005

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

2013

2014

Current release

2.2.220, July 2023

11.2, May 2022

V8.0, August 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

commercial

free test version available

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

hosted

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

gRPC
HTTP REST
JDBC
MQTT (Message Queue Telemetry Transport)
ODBC

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

Supported programming languages

Java

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP

via ODBC
Python
R

via ODBC
Scala

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

yes

JavaScript

Triggers

yes

JavaScript

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

Ingres Replicator

selectable replication factor

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

volatile and lookup table

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

simple password-based access control

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

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