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DBMS > H2 vs. IBM Cloudant vs. PostgreSQL vs. ToroDB vs. Warp 10

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. IBM Cloudant vs. PostgreSQL vs. ToroDB vs. Warp 10

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameH2  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Cloudant  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparisonWarp 10  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Database as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDBWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQLTimeSeries DBMS specialized on timestamped geo data based on LevelDB or HBase
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Document storeTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score8.33
Rank#46  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score2.75
Rank#104  Overall
#19  Document stores
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.14
Rank#344  Overall
#32  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.h2database.comwww.ibm.com/­products/­cloudantwww.postgresql.orggithub.com/­torodb/­serverwww.warp10.io
Technical documentationwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlcloud.ibm.com/­docs/­Cloudantwww.postgresql.org/­docswww.warp10.io/­content/­02_Getting_started
DeveloperThomas MuellerIBM, Apache Software Foundation infoIBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer8KdataSenX
Initial release200520101989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20162015
Current release2.2.220, July 202316.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)commercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoAGPL-V3Open Source infoApache License 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaErlangCJavaJava
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VMLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_idyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP API
Jupyter
WebSocket
Supported programming languagesJavaC#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsView functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScriptuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes infoWarpScript
Triggersyesyesyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashShardingSharding infobased on HBase
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSource-replica replicationselectable replication factor infobased on HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency infobased on HBase
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoatomic operations within a document possibleACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes infoOptimistic lockingyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users can be defined per databasefine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and rolesMandatory use of cryptographic tokens, containing fine-grained authorizations

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More resources
H2IBM CloudantPostgreSQLToroDBWarp 10
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