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DBMS > H2 vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Neo4j vs. Titan

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Neo4j vs. Titan

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameH2  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Cloudant  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparison
Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Database as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDBScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsTitan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeGraph DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score7.57
Rank#47  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score2.85
Rank#95  Overall
#18  Document stores
Score42.68
Rank#21  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.h2database.comwww.ibm.com/­products/­cloudantneo4j.comgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan
Technical documentationwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlcloud.ibm.com/­docs/­Cloudantneo4j.com/­docsgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wiki
DeveloperThomas MuellerIBM, Apache Software Foundation infoIBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014Neo4j, Inc.Aurelius, owned by DataStax
Initial release2005201020072012
Current release2.2.220, July 20235.23, August 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)commercialOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoApache license, version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJavaErlangJava, ScalaJava
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-free and schema-optionalyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnonono
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIBolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
Supported programming languagesJavaC#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Clojure
Java
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsView functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScriptyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsyes
Triggersyesyesyes infovia event handleryes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingyes using Neo4j Fabricyes infovia pluggable storage backends
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Causal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnoyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engine
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infoRelationships in graph
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoatomic operations within a document possibleACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes infoOptimistic lockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)User authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server
More information provided by the system vendor
H2IBM CloudantNeo4jTitan
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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