DBMS > H2 vs. Hazelcast vs. OpenEdge vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. Hazelcast vs. OpenEdge vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

A widely adopted in-memory data grid

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Widely used in-process key-value store

Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization

Primary database model

supports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS

in the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store

JSON support with IMDG 3.12

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	8.13
Rank	#49	Overall
	#31	Relational DBMS

Score	5.97
Rank	#57	Overall
	#6	Key-value stores

Score	3.51
Rank	#86	Overall
	#46	Relational DBMS

Score	2.21
Rank	#117	Overall
	#20	Key-value stores
	#3	Native XML DBMS

Score	2.02
Rank	#123	Overall
	#11	Graph DBMS
	#6	RDF stores

Website

www.h2database.com

hazelcast.com

www.progress.com/openedge

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/berkeleydb.html

www.stardog.com

Technical documentation

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

hazelcast.org/imdg/docs

documentation.progress.com/output/ua/OpenEdge_latest

docs.oracle.com/cd/E17076_05/html/index.html

docs.stardog.com

Developer

Thomas Mueller

Hazelcast

Progress Software Corporation

Oracle

originally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle

Stardog-Union

Initial release

2005

2008

1984

1994

2010

Current release

2.2.220, July 2023

5.3.6, November 2023

OpenEdge 12.2, March 2020

18.1.40, May 2020

7.3.0, May 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

Open Source

Apache Version 2; commercial licenses available

commercial

Open Source

commercial license available

commercial

60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)

Java

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

the object must implement a serialization strategy

yes

only with the Berkeley DB XML edition

Import/export of XML data possible

Secondary indexes

yes

supports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like query language

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

SQL interfaced based on SQLite is available

Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC

GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3

Supported programming languages

Java

.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala

Progress proprietary ABL (Advanced Business Language)

.Net

Figaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others

Third-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl

.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

yes

Event Listeners, Executor Services

yes

user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java

Triggers

yes

Events

yes

only for the SQL API

yes

via event handlers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

horizontal partitioning

since Version 11.4

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

yes

Replicated Map

Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user

Raft Consensus Algorithm

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

one or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commited

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role-based access control

Users and groups

Access rights for users and roles

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