DBMS > H2 vs. Hazelcast vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. MySQL vs. Realm

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. Hazelcast vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. MySQL vs. Realm

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

A widely adopted in-memory data grid

Search-as-a-service for web and mobile app development

Widely used open source RDBMS

A DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core Data

Primary database model

Key/Value like access via memcached API

Document store

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store

JSON support with IMDG 3.12

Vector DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	8.13
Rank	#49	Overall
	#31	Relational DBMS

Score	5.97
Rank	#57	Overall
	#6	Key-value stores

Score	5.59
Rank	#63	Overall
	#7	Search engines

Score	1083.74
Rank	#2	Overall
	#2	Relational DBMS

Score	7.60
Rank	#52	Overall
	#9	Document stores

Website

www.h2database.com

hazelcast.com

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/services/search

www.mysql.com

realm.io

Technical documentation

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

hazelcast.org/imdg/docs

learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/search

dev.mysql.com/doc

realm.io/docs

Developer

Thomas Mueller

Hazelcast

Microsoft

Oracle

since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun

Realm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019

Initial release

2005

2008

2015

1995

2014

Current release

2.2.220, July 2023

5.3.6, November 2023

8.4.0, April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

Open Source

Apache Version 2; commercial licenses available

commercial

Open Source

GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available

Open Source

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

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Implementation language

Java

C and C++

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

the object must implement a serialization strategy

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like query language

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API

RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

Supported programming languages

Java

.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala

C#
Java
JavaScript
Python

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

.Net
Java

with Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

yes

Event Listeners, Executor Services

yes

proprietary syntax

runs within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary

Triggers

yes

Events

yes

Change Listeners

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

yes

Replicated Map

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user

Raft Consensus Algorithm

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

one or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commited

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

In-Memory realm

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role-based access control

yes

using Azure authentication

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

yes

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