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DBMS > H2 vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TimesTen

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameH2  Xexclude from comparisonHawkular Metrics  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Hawkular metrics is the metric storage of the Red Hat sponsored Hawkular monitoring system. It is based on Cassandra.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score8.33
Rank#46  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score0.08
Rank#366  Overall
#39  Time Series DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score1.36
Rank#161  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.h2database.comwww.hawkular.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlwww.hawkular.org/­hawkular-metrics/­docs/­user-guidedocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
DeveloperThomas MuellerCommunity supported by Red HatMicrosoftOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release2005201420191998
Current release2.2.220, July 2023cloud service with continuous releases11 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJava
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesnoall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
HTTP RESTMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languagesJavaGo
Java
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RPL/SQL
Triggersyesyes infovia Hawkular Alertingyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infobased on CassandraSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseselectable replication factor infobased on Cassandrayes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
H2Hawkular MetricsMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerTimesTen
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