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DBMS > GreptimeDB vs. IRONdb vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RDF4J vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison GreptimeDB vs. IRONdb vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RDF4J vs. Spark SQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGreptimeDB  Xexclude from comparisonIRONdb  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
IRONdb seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionAn open source Time Series DBMS built for increased scalability, high performance and efficiencyA distributed Time Series DBMS with a focus on scalability, fault tolerance and operational simplicityFully managed big data interactive analytics platformRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelTime Series DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRDF storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.06
Rank#352  Overall
#33  Time Series DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websitegreptime.comwww.circonus.com/solutions/time-series-database/azure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerrdf4j.orgspark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationdocs.greptime.comdocs.circonus.com/irondb/category/getting-starteddocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerrdf4j.org/­documentationspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperGreptime Inc.Circonus LLC.MicrosoftSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.Apache Software Foundation
Initial release20222017201920042014
Current releaseV0.10.20, January 2018cloud service with continuous releases3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialcommercialOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageRustC and C++JavaScala
Server operating systemsAndroid
Docker
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Windows
LinuxhostedLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-free, schema definition possibleschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes infoRDF Schemasyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infotext, numeric, histogramsyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesnoall fields are automatically indexedyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesSQL-like query language (Circonus Analytics Query Language: CAQL)Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetnoSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsgRPC
HTTP API
JDBC
HTTP APIMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Java
PHP
Python
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresPythonyes, in LuaYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryesno
Triggersnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingAutomatic, metric affinity per nodeSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenoneyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesconfigurable replication factor, datacenter awareyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.nonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency per node, eventual consistency across nodesEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlSimple rights management via user accountsnoAzure Active Directory Authenticationnono
More information provided by the system vendor
GreptimeDBIRONdbMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameSpark SQL
Specific characteristicsGreptimeDB is a SQL & Python-enabled timeseries database system built from scratch...
» more
Competitive advantages- Inherits advantages of Rust, such as excellent performance, memory safe, resource...
» more
Typical application scenariosFor IoT industries, GreptimeDB can seamless integrate with message queues and other...
» more
Key customersGreptime's clients span multiple sectors including IoT, connected vehicles, and energy...
» more
Market metricsGreptimeDB has garnered global recognition by topping GitHub trends following its...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGreptimeDB: open source, distributed, cloud-native TSDB; supports Hybrid Time-series...
» more

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More resources
GreptimeDBIRONdbMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameSpark SQL
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