DBMS > Greenplum vs. Ingres vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP HANA vs. Sphinx
System Properties Comparison Greenplum vs. Ingres vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP HANA vs. Sphinx
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| Name | Greenplum Xexclude from comparison | Ingres Xexclude from comparison | PostgreSQL Xexclude from comparison | SAP HANA Xexclude from comparison | Sphinx Xexclude from comparison | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Description | Analytic Database platform built on PostgreSQL. Full name is Pivotal Greenplum Database  A logical database in Greenplum is an array of individual PostgreSQL databases working together to present a single database image. | Well established RDBMS | Widely used open source RDBMS Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL | In-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud service | Open source search engine for searching in data from different sources, e.g. relational databases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primary database model | Relational DBMS | Relational DBMS | Relational DBMS with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module. | Relational DBMS | Search engine | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary database models | Document store Spatial DBMS | Document store Graph DBMS with Apache AgeSpatial DBMS Vector DBMS with pgvector extension | Document store Graph DBMS with SAP Hana, Enterprise EditionSpatial DBMS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Website | greenplum.org | www.actian.com/databases/ingres | www.postgresql.org | www.sap.com/products/hana.html | sphinxsearch.com | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technical documentation | docs.greenplum.org | docs.actian.com/ingres | www.postgresql.org/docs | help.sap.com/hana | sphinxsearch.com/docs | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Developer | Pivotal Software Inc. | Actian Corporation | PostgreSQL Global Development Group www.postgresql.org/developer | SAP | Sphinx Technologies Inc. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Initial release | 2005 | 1974 originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s | 1989 1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL | 2010 | 2001 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current release | 7.0.0, September 2023 | 11.2, May 2022 | 16.3, May 2024 | 2.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 2023 | 3.5.1, February 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| License Commercial or Open Source | Open Source Apache 2.0 | commercial | Open Source BSD | commercial | Open Source GPL version 2, commercial licence available | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service | no | no | no | no also available as a cloud based service | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Implementation language | C | C | C++ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server operating systems | Linux | AIX HP Open VMS HP-UX Linux Solaris Windows | FreeBSD HP-UX Linux NetBSD OpenBSD OS X Solaris Unix Windows | Appliance or cloud-service | FreeBSD Linux NetBSD OS X Solaris Windows | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Data scheme | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typing predefined data types such as float or date | yes | yes | yes | yes | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. | yes since Version 4.2 | no but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available | yes specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality. | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary indexes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes full-text index on all search fields | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SQL Support of SQL | yes | yes | yes standard with numerous extensions | yes | SQL-like query language (SphinxQL) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| APIs and other access methods | JDBC ODBC | .NET Client API JDBC ODBC proprietary protocol (OpenAPI) | ADO.NET JDBC native C library ODBC streaming API for large objects | JDBC ODBC | Proprietary protocol | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Supported programming languages | C Java Perl Python R | .Net C C++ Delphi Java JDBCJavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python Tcl | C++ unofficial client library Java Perl unofficial client libraryPHP Python Ruby unofficial client library | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server-side scripts Stored procedures | yes | yes | user defined functions realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc. | SQLScript, R | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Triggers | yes | yes | yes | yes | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes | Sharding | horizontal partitioning Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously | partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash | yes | Sharding Partitioning is done manually, search queries against distributed index is supported | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes | Source-replica replication | Ingres Replicator | Source-replica replication other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions | yes | none | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods | yes | no | no | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign keys Referential integrity | yes | yes | yes | yes | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data | ACID | ACID | ACID | ACID | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data | yes | yes MVCC | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Durability Support for making data persistent | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes The original contents of fields are not stored in the Sphinx index. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only. | no | no | no | yes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| User concepts Access control | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | yes | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Greenplum | Ingres | PostgreSQL | SAP HANA | Sphinx | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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