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DBMS > GraphDB vs. Neo4j vs. SpatiaLite vs. Vertica

System Properties Comparison GraphDB vs. Neo4j vs. SpatiaLite vs. Vertica

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonSpatiaLite  Xexclude from comparisonVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionEnterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.Scalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsSpatial extension of SQLiteCloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Graph DBMSSpatial DBMSRelational DBMS infoColumn oriented
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.77
Rank#98  Overall
#8  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score42.51
Rank#21  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score1.53
Rank#146  Overall
#3  Spatial DBMS
Score10.02
Rank#42  Overall
#26  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.ontotext.comneo4j.comwww.gaia-gis.it/­fossil/­libspatialite/­indexwww.vertica.com
Technical documentationgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationneo4j.com/­docswww.gaia-gis.it/­gaia-sins/­spatialite_topics.htmlvertica.com/­documentation
Social network pagesGitHubLinkedInTwitterMediumYouTube
DeveloperOntotextNeo4j, Inc.Alessandro FurieriOpenText infopreviously Micro Focus and Hewlett Packard
Initial release2000200720082005
Current release10.4, October 20235.23, August 20245.0.0, August 202012.0.3, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoMPL 1.1, GPL v2.0 or LGPL v2.1commercial infoLimited community edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono infoon-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containers
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJavaJava, ScalaC++C++
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
server-lessLinux
Data schemeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesschema-free and schema-optionalyesYes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache LuceneyesNo Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.
SQL infoSupport of SQLstored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCnoyesFull 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.
APIs and other access methodsGeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
ADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL infocharacter-based, interactive, front-end utility
Supported programming languages.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored procedureswell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsnoyes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differences
Triggersnoyes infovia event handleryesyes, called Custom Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyes using Neo4j Fabricnonehorizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlynoneMulti-source replication infoOne, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono infoBi-directional Spark integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Causal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoConstraint checkingyes infoRelationships in graphsyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesno
User concepts infoAccess controlDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.Users, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)nofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash
More information provided by the system vendor
GraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMNeo4jSpatiaLiteVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Neo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Neo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Real-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Over 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Neo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
GPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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More resources
GraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMNeo4jSpatiaLiteVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
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