DBMS > GraphDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. TDSQL for MySQL vs. Trino

System Properties Comparison GraphDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. TDSQL for MySQL vs. Trino

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

A high-performance distributed database management system with features such as automatic sharding, intelligent operation and maintenance, elastic scalability without downtime, and enterprise-grade security. It is highly compatible with MySQL.

Fast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQL

Primary database model

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.32
Rank	#91	Overall
	#6	Graph DBMS
	#4	RDF stores

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	0.85
Rank	#205	Overall
	#95	Relational DBMS

Score	5.00
Rank	#66	Overall
	#36	Relational DBMS

Website

www.ontotext.com

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

www.tencentcloud.com/products/dcdb

trino.io

Technical documentation

graphdb.ontotext.com/documentation

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

www.tencentcloud.com/document/product/1042

trino.io/broadcast
trino.io/docs/current

Social network pages

Developer

Ontotext

Microsoft

Tencent

Trino Software Foundation

Initial release

2000

1989

2013

2012

2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL

Current release

10.4, October 2023

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Some plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourced

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Starburst Galaxy offers a feature-rich user interface to connect all your data sources, manage your Trino clusters, and query your data.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Java

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
Windows

hosted

Linux
macOS

for devlopment

Data scheme

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapes

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexes

yes

depending on connected data-source

SQL

Support of SQL

stored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBC

yes

APIs and other access methods

GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI

Supported programming languages

.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

C
C#
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Ruby

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

well-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibility

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

yes

yes, depending on connected data-source

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Automatic sharding

depending on connected data-source

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

depending on connected data-source

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)

Immediate Consistency

depending on connected data-source

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Constraint checking

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

depending on connected data-source

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

depending on connected data-source

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Default Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

SQL standard access control

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Ontotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
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Trino is the fastest open source, massively parallel processing SQL query engine...
» more

Competitive advantages

GraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more

High performance analtyics and data processing of very large data sets Powerful ANSI...
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Typical application scenarios

Metadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
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Performant analytics query engine for data warehouses, data lakes, and data lakehouses...
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Key customers

GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
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Trino is widely adopted across the globe as freely-available open source software....
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Market metrics

GraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
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33000+ commits in GitHub 8200+ stargazers in GitHub 1200+ pull requests merged in...
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Licensing and pricing models

GraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more

Trino is an open source project and usage is therefore free. Commercial offerings...
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