DBMS > GraphDB vs. JanusGraph vs. OpenSearch vs. Titan vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison GraphDB vs. JanusGraph vs. OpenSearch vs. Titan vs. TypeDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.

Description

Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.

A Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters

It was forked from the latest code base of Titan in January 2017

A distributed, RESTful search and analytics engine forked from Elasticsearch and based on Apache Lucene

Titan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.

TypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language

Primary database model

Graph DBMS
Relational DBMS

Often described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.

Secondary database models

Vector DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.32
Rank	#91	Overall
	#6	Graph DBMS
	#4	RDF stores

Score	1.94
Rank	#129	Overall
	#12	Graph DBMS

Score	16.36
Rank	#37	Overall
	#4	Search engines

Score	0.65
Rank	#234	Overall
	#20	Graph DBMS
	#107	Relational DBMS

Website

www.ontotext.com

janusgraph.org

github.com/opensearch-project
opensearch.org

github.com/thinkaurelius/titan

typedb.com

Technical documentation

graphdb.ontotext.com/documentation

docs.janusgraph.org

opensearch.org/docs/latest

github.com/thinkaurelius/titan/wiki

typedb.com/docs

Social network pages

Developer

Ontotext

Linux Foundation; originally developed as Titan by Aurelius

Amazon Web Services

Aurelius, owned by DataStax

Vaticle

Initial release

2000

2017

2021

2012

2016

Current release

10.4, October 2023

0.6.3, February 2023

2.5.0, January 2023

2.26.3, January 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Some plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourced

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache license, version 2.0

Open Source

GPL Version 3, commercial licenses available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapes

yes

schema-free

Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexes

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

stored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBC

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1

Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster

gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)

Supported programming languages

.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Clojure
Java
Python

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Elasticsearch client

Clojure
Java
Python

All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

well-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibility

yes

Triggers

yes

by using the 'percolation' feature

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

yes

depending on the used storage backend (e.g. Cassandra, HBase, BerkeleyDB)

Sharding

yes

via pluggable storage backends

Sharding

by using Cassandra

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes

Multi-source replication

by using Cassandra

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

via Faunus, a graph analytics engine

yes

via Faunus, a graph analytics engine

yes

by using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Constraint checking

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

Relationships in graph

substituted by the relationship feature

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Supports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast

yes

Supports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Default Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.

User authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server

yes

at REST API level; other APIs in progress

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Ontotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
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OpenSearch is a highly scalable and extensible open-source software suite for search,...
» more

TypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
» more

Competitive advantages

GraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more

Distributed as fully open source under Apache License, Version 2.0 (ALv2), OpenSearch...
» more

TypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
» more

Typical application scenarios

Metadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more

The OpenSearch platform is used across a broad range of search , analytics, and observability...
» more

Life sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
» more

Key customers

GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more

Market metrics

GraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

GraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more

The OpenSearch Project offers open source software licensed under Apache License...
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Apache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
» more

News

Integrating GraphDB with Relational Database Systems
23 May 2024

Understanding the Graph Center of Excellence
17 May 2024

Migrating From LPG to RDF Graph Model
8 May 2024

Case study: Policy Enforcement Automation With Semantics
2 May 2024

Okay, RAG… We Have a Problem
26 April 2024

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.