DBMS > GraphDB vs. IRONdb vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Quasardb vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison GraphDB vs. IRONdb vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Quasardb vs. TypeDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

IRONdb seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.

A distributed Time Series DBMS with a focus on scalability, fault tolerance and operational simplicity

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Distributed, high-performance timeseries database

TypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language

Primary database model

Graph DBMS
Relational DBMS

Often described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.32
Rank	#91	Overall
	#6	Graph DBMS
	#4	RDF stores

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	0.14
Rank	#332	Overall
	#29	Time Series DBMS

Score	0.65
Rank	#234	Overall
	#20	Graph DBMS
	#107	Relational DBMS

Website

www.ontotext.com

www.circonus.com/solutions/time-series-database/

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

quasar.ai

typedb.com

Technical documentation

graphdb.ontotext.com/documentation

docs.circonus.com/irondb/category/getting-started

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

doc.quasar.ai/master

typedb.com/docs

Social network pages

Developer

Ontotext

Circonus LLC.

Microsoft

quasardb

Vaticle

Initial release

2000

2017

1989

2009

2016

Current release

10.4, October 2023

V0.10.20, January 2018

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

3.14.1, January 2024

2.26.3, January 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Some plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourced

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

Free community edition, Non-profit organizations and non-commercial usage are eligible for free licenses

Open Source

GPL Version 3, commercial licenses available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

C and C++

C++

Java

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

Linux
Windows

BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

text, numeric, histograms

yes

integer and binary

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexes

yes

with tags

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

stored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBC

SQL-like query language (Circonus Analytics Query Language: CAQL)

yes

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1

HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

HTTP API

gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)

Supported programming languages

.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

.Net
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R

All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

well-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibility

yes, in Lua

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Automatic, metric affinity per node

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Sharding

consistent hashing

Sharding

by using Cassandra

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

configurable replication factor, datacenter aware

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Source-replica replication with selectable replication factor

Multi-source replication

by using Cassandra

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

with Hadoop integration

yes

by using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)

Immediate consistency per node, eventual consistency across nodes

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Constraint checking

yes

substituted by the relationship feature

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

by using LevelDB

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Transient mode

User concepts

Access control

Default Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Cryptographically strong user authentication and audit trail

yes

at REST API level; other APIs in progress

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Ontotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
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TypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
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Competitive advantages

GraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
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TypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
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Typical application scenarios

Metadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more

Life sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
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Key customers

GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more

Market metrics

GraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
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Licensing and pricing models

GraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more

Apache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
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