DBMS > GraphDB vs. IRONdb vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. OpenSearch vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison GraphDB vs. IRONdb vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. OpenSearch vs. TypeDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

IRONdb seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.

A distributed Time Series DBMS with a focus on scalability, fault tolerance and operational simplicity

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

A distributed, RESTful search and analytics engine forked from Elasticsearch and based on Apache Lucene

TypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language

Primary database model

Graph DBMS
Relational DBMS

Often described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Vector DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.32
Rank	#91	Overall
	#6	Graph DBMS
	#4	RDF stores

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	16.36
Rank	#37	Overall
	#4	Search engines

Score	0.65
Rank	#234	Overall
	#20	Graph DBMS
	#107	Relational DBMS

Website

www.ontotext.com

www.circonus.com/solutions/time-series-database/

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

github.com/opensearch-project
opensearch.org

typedb.com

Technical documentation

graphdb.ontotext.com/documentation

docs.circonus.com/irondb/category/getting-started

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

opensearch.org/docs/latest

typedb.com/docs

Social network pages

Developer

Ontotext

Circonus LLC.

Microsoft

Amazon Web Services

Vaticle

Initial release

2000

2017

1989

2021

2016

Current release

10.4, October 2023

V0.10.20, January 2018

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

2.5.0, January 2023

2.26.3, January 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Some plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourced

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

GPL Version 3, commercial licenses available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.

STACKIT OpenSearch offers OpenSearch in a managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant, for a wide range of applications like analytics, website search, offering scalability and fast data access.
Aiven for OpenSearch: Fully managed open source search and analytics suite. Out-of-the-box integrations get you up and running in a couple of clicks.

Implementation language

Java

C and C++

C++

Java

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

Linux
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

text, numeric, histograms

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexes

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

stored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBC

SQL-like query language (Circonus Analytics Query Language: CAQL)

yes

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1

HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)

Supported programming languages

.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Elasticsearch client

All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

well-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibility

yes, in Lua

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

yes

Triggers

yes

by using the 'percolation' feature

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Automatic, metric affinity per node

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Sharding

by using Cassandra

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

configurable replication factor, datacenter aware

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

yes

Multi-source replication

by using Cassandra

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

by using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)

Immediate consistency per node, eventual consistency across nodes

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Constraint checking

yes

substituted by the relationship feature

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Default Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

at REST API level; other APIs in progress

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Ontotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more

OpenSearch is a highly scalable and extensible open-source software suite for search,...
» more

TypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
» more

Competitive advantages

GraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more

Distributed as fully open source under Apache License, Version 2.0 (ALv2), OpenSearch...
» more

TypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
» more

Typical application scenarios

Metadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more

The OpenSearch platform is used across a broad range of search , analytics, and observability...
» more

Life sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
» more

Key customers

GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more

Market metrics

GraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

GraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more

The OpenSearch Project offers open source software licensed under Apache License...
» more

Apache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
» more

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2 May 2024

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26 April 2024

Scaling Understanding with the Help of Feedback Loops, Knowledge Graphs and NLP
19 April 2024

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