DBMS > Graph Engine vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Milvus vs. SpaceTime vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Graph Engine vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Milvus vs. SpaceTime vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engine

Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server

A DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searches

SpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Graph DBMS
Key-value store

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.61
Rank	#240	Overall
	#21	Graph DBMS
	#35	Key-value stores

Score	20.56
Rank	#31	Overall
	#19	Relational DBMS

Score	2.31
Rank	#113	Overall
	#3	Vector DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#7	Spatial DBMS

Score	0.11
Rank	#343	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

www.graphengine.io

azure.microsoft.com/services/synapse-analytics

milvus.io

www.mireo.com/spacetime

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

www.graphengine.io/docs/manual

docs.microsoft.com/azure/synapse-analytics

milvus.io/docs/overview.md

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

Microsoft

Mireo

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

2010

2016

2019

2020

2019

Current release

2.3.4, January 2024

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

MIT License

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus

Implementation language

.NET and C

C++

C++, Go

C++

Clojure

Server operating systems

.NET

hosted

Linux
macOS

10.14 or later
Windows

with WSL 2 enabled

Linux

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

Vector, Numeric and String

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

RESTful HTTP API

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
F#
Visual Basic

C#
Java
PHP

C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C#
C++
Python

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transact SQL

Triggers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

Sharding

Fixed-grid hypercubes

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Real-time block device replication (DRBD)

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/synapse-analytics/sql-data-warehouse/sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

optional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storage

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

yes

Role based access control and fine grained access rights

yes

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Milvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more

Competitive advantages

Highly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
» more

Typical application scenarios

RAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more

Key customers

Milvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more

Market metrics

As of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations 3k+ enterprise...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

Milvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

Vector databases
2 June 2023, Matthias Gelbmann

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