DBMS > Graph Engine vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OpenSearch vs. Postgres-XL vs. Warp 10

System Properties Comparison Graph Engine vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OpenSearch vs. Postgres-XL vs. Warp 10

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engine

Fully managed big data interactive analytics platform

A distributed, RESTful search and analytics engine forked from Elasticsearch and based on Apache Lucene

Based on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster features

TimeSeries DBMS specialized on timestamped geo data based on LevelDB or HBase

Primary database model

Graph DBMS
Key-value store

column oriented

Secondary database models

Document store

If a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types/dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store

this is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine

support for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/time-series-analysis

Vector DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.67
Rank	#232	Overall
	#21	Graph DBMS
	#34	Key-value stores

Score	3.80
Rank	#81	Overall
	#43	Relational DBMS

Score	16.03
Rank	#37	Overall
	#4	Search engines

Score	0.53
Rank	#254	Overall
	#117	Relational DBMS

Score	0.14
Rank	#344	Overall
	#32	Time Series DBMS

Website

www.graphengine.io

azure.microsoft.com/services/data-explorer

github.com/opensearch-project
opensearch.org

www.postgres-xl.org

www.warp10.io

Technical documentation

www.graphengine.io/docs/manual

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer

opensearch.org/docs/latest

www.postgres-xl.org/documentation

www.warp10.io/content/02_Getting_started

Developer

Microsoft

Amazon Web Services

SenX

Initial release

2010

2019

2021

2014

since 2012, originally named StormDB

2015

Current release

cloud service with continuous releases

2.5.0, January 2023

10 R1, October 2018

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

MIT License

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Mozilla public license

Open Source

Apache License 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

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Implementation language

.NET and C

Java

Server operating systems

.NET

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
macOS

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

Fixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)

schema-free

Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

bool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

XML type, but no XML query functionality

Secondary indexes

all fields are automatically indexed

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset

SQL-like query language

yes

distributed, parallel query execution

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

HTTP API
Jupyter
WebSocket

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
F#
Visual Basic

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Elasticsearch client

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R

yes

user defined functions

yes

WarpScript

Triggers

yes

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/management/updatepolicy

yes

by using the 'percolation' feature

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

horizontal partitioning

Sharding

based on HBase

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.

yes

selectable replication factor

based on HBase

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Spark connector (open source): github.com/Azure/azure-kusto-spark

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all

Immediate Consistency

based on HBase

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

MVCC

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

optional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storage

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Azure Active Directory Authentication

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Mandatory use of cryptographic tokens, containing fine-grained authorizations

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

OpenSearch is a highly scalable and extensible open-source software suite for search,...
» more

Competitive advantages

Distributed as fully open source under Apache License, Version 2.0 (ALv2), OpenSearch...
» more

Typical application scenarios

The OpenSearch platform is used across a broad range of search , analytics, and observability...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

The OpenSearch Project offers open source software licensed under Apache License...
» more

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