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DBMS > Graph Engine vs. Linter vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. RethinkDB vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Graph Engine vs. Linter vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. RethinkDB vs. Spark SQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGraph Engine infoformer name: Trinity  Xexclude from comparisonLinter  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonRethinkDB  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engineRDBMS for high security requirementsElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerDBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
Key-value store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.67
Rank#232  Overall
#21  Graph DBMS
#34  Key-value stores
Score0.12
Rank#350  Overall
#152  Relational DBMS
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score2.66
Rank#107  Overall
#20  Document stores
Score18.04
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.graphengine.iolinter.ruazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsrethinkdb.comspark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationwww.graphengine.io/­docs/­manualdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsrethinkdb.com/­docsspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperMicrosoftrelex.ruMicrosoftThe Linux Foundation infosince July 2017Apache Software Foundation
Initial release20101990201620092014
Current release2.4.1, August 20203.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicensecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation language.NET and CC and C++C++C++Scala
Server operating systems.NETAIX
Android
BSD
HP Open VMS
iOS
Linux
OS X
VxWorks
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infostring, binary, float, bool, date, geometryyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesyesnoSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
LINQ
ODBC
OLE DB
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
F#
Visual Basic
C
C#
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Ruby
Tcl
C#
Java
PHP
C infocommunity-supported driver
C# infocommunity-supported driver
C++ infocommunity-supported driver
Clojure infocommunity-supported driver
Dart infocommunity-supported driver
Erlang infocommunity-supported driver
Go infocommunity-supported driver
Haskell infocommunity-supported driver
Java infoofficial driver
JavaScript (Node.js) infoofficial driver
Lisp infocommunity-supported driver
Lua infocommunity-supported driver
Objective-C infocommunity-supported driver
Perl infocommunity-supported driver
PHP infocommunity-supported driver
Python infoofficial driver
Ruby infoofficial driver
Scala infocommunity-supported driver
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infoproprietary syntax with the possibility to convert from PL/SQLTransact SQLno
TriggersnoyesnoClient-side triggers through changefeedsno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioningnoneSharding, horizontal partitioningSharding inforange basedyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationyesSource-replica replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDAtomic single-document operationsno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoMVCC basedyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentoptional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storageyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesyes infousers and table-level permissionsno

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More resources
Graph Engine infoformer name: TrinityLinterMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseRethinkDBSpark SQL
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