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DBMS > Graph Engine vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison Graph Engine vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TimesTen

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGraph Engine infoformer name: Trinity  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engineEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesFully managed big data interactive analytics platformIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
Key-value store
Key-value storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.67
Rank#232  Overall
#21  Graph DBMS
#34  Key-value stores
Score2.25
Rank#115  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score1.36
Rank#161  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.graphengine.iogithub.com/­google/­leveldbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationwww.graphengine.io/­docs/­manualgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mddocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
DeveloperMicrosoftGoogleMicrosoftOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release2010201120191998
Current release1.23, February 2021cloud service with continuous releases11 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoBSDcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation language.NET and CC++
Server operating systems.NETIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesnoall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
F#
Visual Basic
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RPL/SQL
Triggersnonoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioningnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanononoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentoptional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storageyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Graph Engine infoformer name: TrinityLevelDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerTimesTen
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