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DBMS > Graph Engine vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. OpenTSDB vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Graph Engine vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. OpenTSDB vs. Spark SQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGraph Engine infoformer name: Trinity  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonOpenTSDB  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engineWell established RDBMSElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerScalable Time Series DBMS based on HBaseSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
Key-value store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.67
Rank#232  Overall
#21  Graph DBMS
#34  Key-value stores
Score3.80
Rank#82  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score1.68
Rank#142  Overall
#12  Time Series DBMS
Score18.04
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.graphengine.iowww.actian.com/­databases/­ingresazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsopentsdb.netspark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationwww.graphengine.io/­docs/­manualdocs.actian.com/­ingresdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsopentsdb.net/­docs/­build/­html/­index.htmlspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperMicrosoftActian CorporationMicrosoftcurrently maintained by Yahoo and other contributorsApache Software Foundation
Initial release20101974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s201620112014
Current release11.2, May 20223.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicensecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoLGPLOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation language.NET and CCC++JavaScala
Server operating systems.NETAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
hostedLinux
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnumeric data for metrics, strings for tagsyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availablenonono
Secondary indexesyesyesnono
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesyesnoSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP API.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP API
Telnet API
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
F#
Visual Basic
C#
Java
PHP
Erlang
Go
Java
Python
R
Ruby
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesTransact SQLnono
Triggersnoyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioninghorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslySharding, horizontal partitioningSharding infobased on HBaseyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesIngres Replicatoryesselectable replication factor infobased on HBasenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency infobased on HBase
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoMVCCyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentoptional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storageyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnonono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesnono

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More resources
Graph Engine infoformer name: TrinityIngresMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseOpenTSDBSpark SQL
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