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DBMS > Graph Engine vs. Immudb vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Graph Engine vs. Immudb vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Spark SQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGraph Engine infoformer name: Trinity  Xexclude from comparisonImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engineAn open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
Key-value store
Key-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.61
Rank#240  Overall
#21  Graph DBMS
#35  Key-value stores
Score0.24
Rank#305  Overall
#43  Key-value stores
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.graphengine.iogithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
azure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsspark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationwww.graphengine.io/­docs/­manualdocs.immudb.iodocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperMicrosoftCodenotaryMicrosoftApache Software Foundation
Initial release2010202020162014
Current release1.2.3, April 20223.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation language.NET and CGoC++Scala
Server operating systems.NETBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like syntaxyesSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIgRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
F#
Visual Basic
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C#
Java
PHP
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoTransact SQLno
Triggersnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioningShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentoptional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storageyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlyesno

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More resources
Graph Engine infoformer name: TrinityImmudbMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseSpark SQL
Recent citations in the news

Trinity
2 June 2023, microsoft.com

Open source Microsoft Graph Engine takes on Neo4j
13 February 2017, InfoWorld

IBM releases Graph, a service that can outperform SQL databases
27 July 2016, GeekWire

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Codenotary Releases immudb v1.9DOM
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18 May 2020, hackernoon.com

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