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DBMS > Graph Engine vs. Hive vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Graph Engine vs. Hive vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Spark SQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGraph Engine infoformer name: Trinity  Xexclude from comparisonHive  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation enginedata warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
Key-value store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.61
Rank#240  Overall
#21  Graph DBMS
#35  Key-value stores
Score61.17
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.graphengine.iohive.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsspark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationwww.graphengine.io/­docs/­manualcwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Homedocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperMicrosoftApache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by FacebookMicrosoftApache Software Foundation
Initial release2010201220162014
Current release3.1.3, April 20223.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation language.NET and CJavaC++Scala
Server operating systems.NETAll OS with a Java VMhostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIJDBC
ODBC
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
F#
Visual Basic
C++
Java
PHP
Python
C#
Java
PHP
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceTransact SQLno
Triggersnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioningShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryesnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentoptional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storageyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and rolesyesno

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More resources
Graph Engine infoformer name: TrinityHiveMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseSpark SQL
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