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DBMS > Graph Engine vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Spark SQL vs. YDB

System Properties Comparison Graph Engine vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Spark SQL vs. YDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGraph Engine infoformer name: Trinity  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonYDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engineFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingA distributed fault-tolerant database service, with high availability, scalability, immediate consistency and ACID transactions and providing an Amazon DynamoDB compatible API
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
Key-value store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.67
Rank#232  Overall
#21  Graph DBMS
#34  Key-value stores
Score8.33
Rank#46  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score18.04
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score0.33
Rank#287  Overall
#43  Document stores
#132  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.graphengine.iowww.h2database.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsspark.apache.org/­sqlgithub.com/­ydb-platform/­ydb
ydb.tech
Technical documentationwww.graphengine.io/­docs/­manualwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmlydb.tech/­en/­docs
DeveloperMicrosoftThomas MuellerMicrosoftApache Software FoundationYandex
Initial release20102005201620142019
Current release2.2.220, July 20233.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0; commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation language.NET and CJavaC++Scala
Server operating systems.NETAll OS with a Java VMhostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyesyesyesFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesyesSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query language (YQL)
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API (DynamoDB compatible)
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
F#
Visual Basic
JavaC#
Java
PHP
Java
Python
R
Scala
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsTransact SQLnono
Triggersnoyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioningnoneSharding, horizontal partitioningyes, utilizing Spark CoreSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyesnoneActive-passive shard replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentoptional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storageyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesnoAccess rights defined for Yandex Cloud users

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More resources
Graph Engine infoformer name: TrinityH2Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseSpark SQLYDB
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