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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. SurrealDB vs. YugabyteDB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. SurrealDB vs. YugabyteDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparisonYugabyteDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.A fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMSHigh-performance distributed SQL database for global, internet-scale applications. Wire and feature compatible with PostgreSQL.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.56
Rank#97  Overall
#50  Relational DBMS
Score1.08
Rank#176  Overall
#30  Document stores
#16  Graph DBMS
Score2.20
Rank#108  Overall
#53  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannersurrealdb.comwww.yugabyte.com
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docssurrealdb.com/­docsdocs.yugabyte.com
github.com/­yugabyte/­yugabyte-db
DeveloperGoogleSurrealDB LtdYugabyte Inc.
Initial release201720222017
Current releasev1.5.0, May 20242024.2, December 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageRustC and C++
Server operating systemshostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Data schemeyesschema-freedepending on used data model
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono
Secondary indexesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like query languageyes, PostgreSQL compatible
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
JDBC
YCQL, an SQL-based flexible-schema API with its roots in Cassandra Query Language
YSQL - a fully relational SQL API that is wire compatible with the SQL language in PostgreSQL
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infosql, plpgsql, C
Triggersnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingHash and Range Sharding, row-level geo-partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Based on Raft distributed consensus protocol, minimum 3 replicas for continuous availability
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyStrong consistency on writes and tunable consistency on reads
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDDistributed ACID with Serializable & Snapshot Isolation. Inspired by Google Spanner architecture.
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infobased on RocksDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)yes, based on authentication and database rulesyes

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerSurrealDBYugabyteDB
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