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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. openGauss vs. PostgreSQL vs. TinkerGraph vs. Yaacomo

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. openGauss vs. PostgreSQL vs. TinkerGraph vs. Yaacomo

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonopenGauss  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTinkerGraph  Xexclude from comparisonYaacomo  Xexclude from comparison
Yaacomo seems to be discontinued and is removed from the DB-Engines ranking
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.An enterprise-class RDBMS compatible with high-performance, high-availability and high-performance originally developed by HuaweiWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 APIOpenCL based in-memory RDBMS, designed for efficiently utilizing the hardware via parallel computing
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Graph DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score1.06
Rank#184  Overall
#84  Relational DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.13
Rank#345  Overall
#35  Graph DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannergitee.com/­opengauss
opengauss.org
www.postgresql.orgtinkerpop.apache.org/­docs/­current/­reference/­#tinkergraph-gremlinyaacomo.com
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.opengauss.org/­en
gitee.com/­opengauss/­docs
www.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperGoogleHuawei and openGauss communityPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerQ2WEB GmbH
Initial release201720191989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20092009
Current release3.0, March 202216.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen SourceOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC, C++, JavaCJava
Server operating systemshostedLinuxFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Android
Linux
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011ANSI SQL 2011yes infostandard with numerous extensionsnoyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
TinkerPop 3JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C++
Java
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Groovy
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersnoyesyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash)partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnonehorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Source-replica replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnoneSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesyesyes infoRelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesnoyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesoptionalyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Google Cloud SpanneropenGaussPostgreSQLTinkerGraphYaacomo
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