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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Percona Server for MySQL vs. PostgreSQL vs. TigerGraph vs. Valentina Server

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Percona Server for MySQL vs. PostgreSQL vs. TigerGraph vs. Valentina Server

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonPercona Server for MySQL  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparisonValentina Server  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Enhanced drop-in replacement for MySQL based on XtraDB or TokuDB storage engines with improved performance and additional diagnostic and management features.Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-timeObject-relational database and reports server
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Graph DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score2.03
Rank#122  Overall
#57  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score1.83
Rank#139  Overall
#13  Graph DBMS
Score0.17
Rank#327  Overall
#145  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerwww.percona.com/­software/­mysql-database/­percona-serverwww.postgresql.orgwww.tigergraph.comwww.valentina-db.net
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.percona.com/­downloads/­Percona-Server-LATESTwww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.tigergraph.comvalentina-db.com/­docs/­dokuwiki/­v5/­doku.php
DeveloperGooglePerconaPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerParadigma Software
Initial release201720081989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20171999
Current release8.0.36-28, 202416.3, May 20245.7.5
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoGPL version 2Open Source infoBSDcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC and C++CC++
Server operating systemshostedLinuxFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
LinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsSQL-like query language (GSQL)yes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ODBC
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C++
Java
.Net
C
C#
C++
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby
Visual Basic
Visual Basic.NET
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yesyes
Triggersnoyesyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
XtraDB Cluster
Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesyesyes infoRelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Users with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerPercona Server for MySQLPostgreSQLTigerGraphValentina Server
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