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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. OrientDB vs. Riak KV vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. OrientDB vs. Riak KV vs. ToroDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparisonRiak KV  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Multi-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)Distributed, fault tolerant key-value storeA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Key-value store infowith links between data sets and object tags for the creation of secondary indexesDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score3.19
Rank#93  Overall
#16  Document stores
#7  Graph DBMS
#14  Key-value stores
Score4.10
Rank#82  Overall
#9  Key-value stores
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerorientdb.orggithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.htmlwww.tiot.jp/­riak-docs/­riak/­kv/­latest
DeveloperGoogleOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAPOpenSource, formerly Basho Technologies8Kdata
Initial release2017201020092016
Current release3.2.29, March 20243.2.0, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache version 2, commercial enterprise editionOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaErlangJava
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)Linux
OS X
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")schema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesrestricted
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like query language, no joinsno
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
HTTP API
Native Erlang Interface
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C infounofficial client library
C#
C++ infounofficial client library
Clojure infounofficial client library
Dart infounofficial client library
Erlang
Go infounofficial client library
Groovy infounofficial client library
Haskell infounofficial client library
Java
JavaScript infounofficial client library
Lisp infounofficial client library
Perl infounofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala infounofficial client library
Smalltalk infounofficial client library
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJava, JavascriptErlang
TriggersnoHooksyes infopre-commit hooks and post-commit hooksno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding infono "single point of failure"Sharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Multi-source replicationselectable replication factorSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno infocould be achieved with distributed queriesyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyes inforelationship in graphsno infolinks between data sets can be storedno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.no
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users and roles; record level security configurableyes, using Riak SecurityAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerOrientDBRiak KVToroDB
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