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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. OrientDB vs. Qdrant vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. OrientDB vs. Qdrant vs. RDF4J

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparisonQdrant  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Multi-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)A high-performance vector database with neural network or semantic-based matchingRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Vector DBMSRDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score3.19
Rank#93  Overall
#16  Document stores
#7  Graph DBMS
#14  Key-value stores
Score1.16
Rank#175  Overall
#6  Vector DBMS
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerorientdb.orggithub.com/­qdrant/­qdrant
qdrant.tech
rdf4j.org
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.htmlqdrant.tech/­documentationrdf4j.org/­documentation
DeveloperGoogleOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAPQdrantSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.
Initial release2017201020212004
Current release3.2.29, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaRustJava
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)Docker
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")schema-freeyes infoRDF Schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesNumbers, Strings, Geo, Booleanyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoKeywords, numberic ranges, geo, full-textyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like query language, no joinsnono
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
gRPC
OpenAPI 3.0
RESTful HTTP/JSON API infoOpenAPI 3.0
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJava, Javascriptyes
TriggersnoHooksyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Multi-source replicationCollection-level replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno infocould be achieved with distributed queriesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency, tunable consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyes inforelationship in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API used
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as well
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users and roles; record level security configurableKey-based authenticationno

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerOrientDBQdrantRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
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Recent citations in the news

Google Improves Cloud Spanner: More Compute and Storage without Price Increase
14 October 2023, InfoQ.com

Google makes its Cloud Spanner database service faster and more cost-efficient
11 October 2023, SiliconANGLE News

Google turns up the heat on AWS, claims Cloud Spanner is half the cost of DynamoDB
11 October 2023, TechCrunch

Google Spanner: When Do You Need to Move to It?
11 September 2023, hackernoon.com

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The 12 Best Graph Databases to Consider for 2024
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OrientDB: A Flexible and Scalable Multi-Model NoSQL DBMS
21 January 2022, Open Source For You

Comparing Graph Databases II. Part 2: ArangoDB, OrientDB, and… | by Sam Bell
20 September 2019, Towards Data Science

ArangoDB raises $10 million for NoSQL database management
14 March 2019, VentureBeat

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11 May 2021, TechTarget

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Open source vector database startup Qdrant raises $28M
23 January 2024, TechCrunch

Qdrant offers managed vector database for hybrid clouds
16 April 2024, InfoWorld

Qdrant Announces an Industry-First Hybrid Cloud Offering For Enterprise AI Applications
16 April 2024, Business Wire

Qdrant launches first vector database as a managed hybrid cloud
16 April 2024, VentureBeat

Qdrant Raises $28M to Advance Massive-Scale AI Applications
26 January 2024, Datanami

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GraphDB Goes Open Source
27 January 2020, iProgrammer

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