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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Oracle Rdb vs. SurrealDB vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Oracle Rdb vs. SurrealDB vs. TimescaleDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Rdb  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.A fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMSA time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score1.08
Rank#184  Overall
#85  Relational DBMS
Score0.86
Rank#203  Overall
#34  Document stores
#18  Graph DBMS
Score4.64
Rank#71  Overall
#4  Time Series DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb.htmlsurrealdb.comwww.timescale.com
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb-doc.htmlsurrealdb.com/­docsdocs.timescale.com
DeveloperGoogleOracle, originally developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC)SurrealDB LtdTimescale
Initial release2017198420222017
Current release7.4.1.1, 2021v1.5.0, May 20242.15.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageRustC
Server operating systemshostedHP Open VMSLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)schema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesSQL-like query languageyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntax
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell
Triggersnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Source-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas info
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationyes, on a single nodeACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)yes, based on authentication and database rulesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerOracle RdbSurrealDBTimescaleDB
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Google Improves Cloud Spanner: More Compute and Storage without Price Increase
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11 October 2023, SiliconANGLE News

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