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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. QuestDB vs. TerminusDB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. QuestDB vs. TerminusDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparisonTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Widely used in-process key-value storeA high performance open source SQL database for time series dataScalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationships
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Time Series DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSDocument store
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#117  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Score2.52
Rank#109  Overall
#9  Time Series DBMS
Score0.17
Rank#325  Overall
#29  Graph DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.htmlquestdb.ioterminusdb.com
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.htmlquestdb.io/­docsterminusdb.github.io/­terminusdb/­#
DeveloperGoogleOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by OracleQuestDB Technology IncDataChemist Ltd.
Initial release2017199420142018
Current release18.1.40, May 202011.0.0, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infocommercial license availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoGPL V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)Java (Zero-GC), C++, RustProlog, Rust
Server operating systemshostedAIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocolyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML editionnono
Secondary indexesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is availableSQL with time-series extensionsSQL-like query language (WOQL)
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
OWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
JavaScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnononoyes
Triggersnoyes infoonly for the SQL APInoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonehorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)Graph Partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Source-replica replicationSource-replica replication with eventual consistencyJournaling Streams
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACID for single-table writesACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoin-memory journaling
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes infothrough memory mapped files
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)noRole-based access control
More information provided by the system vendor
Google Cloud SpannerOracle Berkeley DBQuestDBTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist
Specific characteristicsRelational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
» more
Typical application scenariosFinancial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more
Key customersBanks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsOpen source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more
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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerOracle Berkeley DBQuestDBTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist
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