DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. OpenSearch vs. STSdb vs. TinkerGraph

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. OpenSearch vs. STSdb vs. TinkerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.

Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server

A distributed, RESTful search and analytics engine forked from Elasticsearch and based on Apache Lucene

Key-Value Store with special method for indexing

optimized for high performance using a special indexing method

A lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Vector DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.89
Rank	#103	Overall
	#52	Relational DBMS

Score	20.56
Rank	#31	Overall
	#19	Relational DBMS

Score	16.36
Rank	#37	Overall
	#4	Search engines

Score	0.04
Rank	#360	Overall
	#52	Key-value stores

Score	0.08
Rank	#348	Overall
	#35	Graph DBMS

Website

cloud.google.com/spanner

azure.microsoft.com/services/synapse-analytics

github.com/opensearch-project
opensearch.org

github.com/STSSoft/STSdb4

tinkerpop.apache.org/docs/current/reference/#tinkergraph-gremlin

Technical documentation

cloud.google.com/spanner/docs

docs.microsoft.com/azure/synapse-analytics

opensearch.org/docs/latest

Developer

Google

Microsoft

Amazon Web Services

STS Soft SC

Initial release

2017

2016

2021

2011

2009

Current release

2.5.0, January 2023

4.0.8, September 2015

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

GPLv2, commercial license available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Aiven for OpenSearch: Fully managed open source search and analytics suite. Out-of-the-box integrations get you up and running in a couple of clicks.

Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

primitive types and user defined types (classes)

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

Query statements complying to ANSI 2011

yes

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC

At present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

.NET Client API

TinkerPop 3

Supported programming languages

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C#
Java
PHP

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Elasticsearch client

C#
Java

Groovy
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Transact SQL

yes

Triggers

yes

by using the 'percolation' feature

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.

yes

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all

none

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

by using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrity

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/synapse-analytics/sql-data-warehouse/sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Strict serializable isolation

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

optional

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

yes

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

OpenSearch is a highly scalable and extensible open-source software suite for search,...
» more

Competitive advantages

Distributed as fully open source under Apache License, Version 2.0 (ALv2), OpenSearch...
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Typical application scenarios

The OpenSearch platform is used across a broad range of search , analytics, and observability...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

The OpenSearch Project offers open source software licensed under Apache License...
» more

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