DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Riak KV vs. SAP HANA vs. STSdb

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Riak KV vs. SAP HANA vs. STSdb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.

Fully managed big data interactive analytics platform

Distributed, fault tolerant key-value store

In-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud service

Key-Value Store with special method for indexing

optimized for high performance using a special indexing method

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

column oriented

Key-value store

with links between data sets and object tags for the creation of secondary indexes

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Secondary database models

Document store

If a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types/dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store

this is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine

support for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/time-series-analysis

Document store
Graph DBMS

with SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.84
Rank	#100	Overall
	#51	Relational DBMS

Score	3.80
Rank	#81	Overall
	#43	Relational DBMS

Score	4.01
Rank	#79	Overall
	#9	Key-value stores

Score	44.27
Rank	#23	Overall
	#16	Relational DBMS

Score	0.10
Rank	#357	Overall
	#51	Key-value stores

Website

cloud.google.com/spanner

azure.microsoft.com/services/data-explorer

www.sap.com/products/hana.html

github.com/STSSoft/STSdb4

Technical documentation

cloud.google.com/spanner/docs

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer

www.tiot.jp/riak-docs/riak/kv/latest

help.sap.com/hana

Developer

Google

Microsoft

OpenSource, formerly Basho Technologies

SAP

STS Soft SC

Initial release

2017

2019

2009

2010

2011

Current release

cloud service with continuous releases

3.2.0, December 2022

2.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 2023

4.0.8, September 2015

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache version 2, commercial enterprise edition

commercial

Open Source

GPLv2, commercial license available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

also available as a cloud based service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Erlang

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
OS X

Appliance or cloud-service

Windows

Data scheme

yes

Fixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

bool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types

yes

primitive types and user defined types (classes)

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

all fields are automatically indexed

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

Query statements complying to ANSI 2011

Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset

yes

APIs and other access methods

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC

At present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API

Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API

HTTP API
Native Erlang Interface

JDBC
ODBC

.NET Client API

Supported programming languages

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R

unofficial client library
C#
C++

unofficial client library
Clojure

unofficial client library
Dart

unofficial client library
Erlang
Go

unofficial client library
Groovy

unofficial client library
Haskell

unofficial client library
Java
JavaScript

unofficial client library
Lisp

unofficial client library
Perl

unofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

unofficial client library
Smalltalk

unofficial client library

C#
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R

Erlang

SQLScript, R

Triggers

yes

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/management/updatepolicy

yes

pre-commit hooks and post-commit hooks

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

no "single point of failure"

yes

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.

selectable replication factor

yes

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

Spark connector (open source): github.com/Azure/azure-kusto-spark

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

by using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrity

links between data sets can be stored

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Strict serializable isolation

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Azure Active Directory Authentication

yes, using Riak Security

yes

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