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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. MarkLogic vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Sadas Engine vs. Teradata Aster

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. MarkLogic vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Sadas Engine vs. Teradata Aster

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparisonSadas Engine  Xexclude from comparisonTeradata Aster  Xexclude from comparison
Teradata Aster has been integrated into other Teradata systems and therefore will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Operational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL databaseWidely used in-process key-value storeSADAS Engine is a columnar DBMS specifically designed for high performance in data warehouse environmentsPlatform for big data analytics on multistructured data sources and types
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Key-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score5.92
Rank#58  Overall
#10  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#6  Search engines
Score2.21
Rank#117  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#158  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerwww.marklogic.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.htmlwww.sadasengine.com
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.marklogic.comdocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.htmlwww.sadasengine.com/­en/­sadas-engine-download-free-trial-and-documentation/­#documentation
DeveloperGoogleMarkLogic Corp.Oracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by OracleSADAS s.r.l.Teradata
Initial release20172001199420062005
Current release11.0, December 202218.1.40, May 20208.0
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infocommercial license availablecommercial infofree trial version availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)C++
Server operating systemshostedLinux
OS X
Windows
AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
AIX
Linux
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforcedschema-freeyesFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free) infodefined schema within the relational store; partial schema or schema free in the Aster File Store
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML editionnoyes infoin Aster File Store
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yes infoSQL92yes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is availableyesyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
.Net
C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
C
C#
C++
Java
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infovia XQuery or JavaScriptnonoR packages
Triggersnoyesyes infoonly for the SQL APInono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnonehorizontal partitioningSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yesSource-replica replicationnoneyes infoDimension tables are replicated across all nodes in the cluster. The number of replicas for the file store can be configured.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobsnonoyes infoSQL Map-Reduce Framework
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transactionACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes, with Range Indexesyesyes infomanaged by 'Learn by Usage'no
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Role-based access control at the document and subdocument levelsnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerMarkLogicOracle Berkeley DBSadas EngineTeradata Aster
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