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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. LokiJS vs. Trafodion vs. YugabyteDB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. LokiJS vs. Trafodion vs. YugabyteDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonLokiJS  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparisonYugabyteDB  Xexclude from comparison
Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.In-memory JavaScript DBMSTransactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMSHigh-performance distributed SQL database for global, internet-scale applications. Wire and feature compatible with PostgreSQL.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score0.43
Rank#264  Overall
#42  Document stores
Score2.91
Rank#102  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannergithub.com/­techfort/­LokiJStrafodion.apache.orgwww.yugabyte.com
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docstechfort.github.io/­LokiJStrafodion.apache.org/­documentation.htmldocs.yugabyte.com
github.com/­yugabyte/­yugabyte-db
DeveloperGoogleApache Software Foundation, originally developed by HPYugabyte Inc.
Initial release2017201420142017
Current release2.3.0, February 20192.19, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
YugabyteDB Managed is the fully managed database-as-a-service offering of YugabyteDB. Get started quickly, and effortlessly ensure continuous availability and limitless scale of your cloud native applications.
Implementation languageJavaScriptC++, JavaC and C++
Server operating systemshostedserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)LinuxLinux
OS X
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesdepending on used data model
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia viewsyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noyesyes, PostgreSQL compatible
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JavaScript APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
YCQL, an SQL-based flexible-schema API with its roots in Cassandra Query Language
YSQL - a fully relational SQL API that is wire compatible with the SQL language in PostgreSQL
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
JavaScriptAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.NetC
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoView functions in JavaScriptJava Stored Proceduresyes infosql, plpgsql, C
Triggersnoyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneShardingHash and Range Sharding, row-level geo-partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.noneyes, via HBaseBased on Raft distributed consensus protocol, minimum 3 replicas for continuous availability
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyesyes infovia user defined functions and HBaseno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyStrong consistency on writes and tunable consistency on reads
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationno infoatomic operations within a single collection possibleACIDDistributed ACID with Serializable & Snapshot Isolation. Inspired by Google Spanner architecture.
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infoSerialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.yesyes infobased on RocksDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)nofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes
More information provided by the system vendor
Google Cloud SpannerLokiJSTrafodionYugabyteDB
Specific characteristicsYugabyteDB is an open source distributed SQL database for cloud native transactional...
» more
Competitive advantagesPostgreSQL compatible: Get instantly productive with a PostgreSQL compatible RDBMS....
» more
Typical application scenariosSystems of record and engagement for cloud native applications that require resilience,...
» more
Market metrics2 Million+ lifetime clusters deployed, 6.5K+ GitHub stars, 7K YugabyteDB Community...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache 2.0 license for the database
» more

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerLokiJSTrafodionYugabyteDB
DB-Engines blog posts

New kids on the block: database management systems implemented in JavaScript
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