DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. LevelDB vs. SiteWhere vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. LevelDB vs. SiteWhere vs. XTDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

M2M integration platform for persisting/querying time series data

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.89
Rank	#103	Overall
	#52	Relational DBMS

Score	2.35
Rank	#111	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	0.06
Rank	#356	Overall
	#35	Time Series DBMS

Score	0.11
Rank	#343	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

cloud.google.com/spanner

github.com/google/leveldb

github.com/sitewhere/sitewhere

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

cloud.google.com/spanner/docs

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

sitewhere1.sitewhere.io/index.html

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

Google

SiteWhere

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

2017

2011

2010

2019

Current release

1.23, February 2021

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

Common Public Attribution License Version 1.0

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

Clojure

Server operating systems

hosted

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

predefined scheme

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

Query statements complying to ANSI 2011

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC

At present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API

HTTP REST

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Triggers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Sharding

based on HBase

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.

none

selectable replication factor

based on HBase

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

by using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Strict serializable isolation

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

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More resources

Recent citations in the news

Google Improves Cloud Spanner: More Compute and Storage without Price Increase
14 October 2023, InfoQ.com

Google makes its Cloud Spanner database service faster and more cost-efficient
11 October 2023, SiliconANGLE News

Google turns up the heat on AWS, claims Cloud Spanner is half the cost of DynamoDB
11 October 2023, TechCrunch

Google Cloud just fired a major volley at AWS as the cloud wars heat up
12 October 2023, TechRadar

Google Spanner: When Do You Need to Move to It?
11 September 2023, hackernoon.com

provided by Google News

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SiteWhere: An open platform for connected devices
11 July 2017, Open Source For You

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27 March 2023, Open Source For You

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provided by Google News

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