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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. LevelDB vs. NuoDB vs. TypeDB vs. Vertica

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. LevelDB vs. NuoDB vs. TypeDB vs. Vertica

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparisonVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesNuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactionsTypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query languageCloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoOften described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.
Relational DBMS infoColumn oriented
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score2.25
Rank#115  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score0.94
Rank#197  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Score0.70
Rank#230  Overall
#20  Graph DBMS
#106  Relational DBMS
Score10.06
Rank#42  Overall
#26  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannergithub.com/­google/­leveldbwww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-databasetypedb.comwww.vertica.com
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mddoc.nuodb.comtypedb.com/­docsvertica.com/­documentation
DeveloperGoogleGoogleDassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.VaticleOpenText infopreviously Micro Focus and Hewlett Packard
Initial release20172011201320162005
Current release1.23, February 20212.26.3, January 202412.0.3, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoBSDcommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses availablecommercial infoLimited community edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono infoon-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containers
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++JavaC++
Server operating systemshostedIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
hosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesYes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesNo Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noyesnoFull 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)
ADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL infocharacter-based, interactive, front-end utility
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoJava, SQLnoyes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differences
Triggersnonoyesnoyes, called Custom Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonedata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/writtenSharding infoby using Cassandrahorizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.noneyes infoManaged transparently by NuoDBMulti-source replication infoby using CassandraMulti-source replication infoOne, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonoyes infoby using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeperno infoBi-directional Spark integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyesno infosubstituted by the relationship featureyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACID infotunable commit protocolACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoMVCCyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoTemporary tablenono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)noStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Usersyes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progressfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash
More information provided by the system vendor
Google Cloud SpannerLevelDBNuoDBTypeDB infoformerly named GraknVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
Specific characteristicsTypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
» more
Deploy-anywhere database for large-scale analytical deployments. Deploy off-cloud,...
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Competitive advantagesTypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
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Fast, scalable, and capable of high concurrency. Separation of compute/storage leverages...
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Typical application scenariosLife sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
» more
Communication and network analytics, Embedded analytics, Fraud monitoring and Risk...
» more
Key customersAbiba Systems, Adform, adMarketplace, AmeriPride, Anritsu, AOL, Avito, Auckland Transport,...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
» more
Cost-based models and subscription-based models are both available. One license is...
» more

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerLevelDBNuoDBTypeDB infoformerly named GraknVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
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