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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Sqrrl vs. WakandaDB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Sqrrl vs. WakandaDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonSqrrl  Xexclude from comparisonWakandaDB  Xexclude from comparison
Sqrrl has been acquired by Amazon and became a part of Amazon Web Services. It has been removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerAdaptable, secure NoSQL built on Apache AccumuloWakandaDB is embedded in a server that provides a REST API and a server-side javascript engine to access data
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Object oriented DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score2.25
Rank#115  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score0.10
Rank#356  Overall
#16  Object oriented DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannergithub.com/­google/­leveldbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticssqrrl.comwakanda.github.io
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mddocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticswakanda.github.io/­doc
DeveloperGoogleGoogleMicrosoftAmazon infooriginally Sqrrl Data, Inc.Wakanda SAS
Initial release20172011201620122012
Current release1.23, February 20212.7.0 (April 29, 2019), April 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoBSDcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoAGPLv3, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++JavaC++, JavaScript
Server operating systemshostedIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noyesnono
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Accumulo Shell
Java API
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
C#
Java
PHP
Actionscript
C infousing GLib
C#
C++
Cocoa
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
JavaScript
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoTransact SQLnoyes
Triggersnonononoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneSharding, horizontal partitioningSharding infomaking use of Hadoopnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.noneyesselectable replication factor infomaking use of Hadoopnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency infoDocument store kept consistent with combination of global timestamping, row-level transactions, and server-side consistency resolution.Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACIDAtomic updates per row, document, or graph entityACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)noyesCell-level Security, Data-Centric Security, Role-Based Access Control (RBAC), Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC)yes

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerLevelDBMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseSqrrlWakandaDB
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